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Term: Herāt

Settlement on Alexander the Great's route; at various times subject to Khurasan, Seistan, Bukhara, Turkmen, Safavid, and Persia; Muslim since 7th century; destroyed twice by Mongols, 1221 and 1383; rebuilt under independent Afghan kingdom; noted trade center along the Silk Road.

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active Herāt, late 15th century